小孩与鹰

前两天看了《男孩与鹰》，泪点奇低的我竟然没哭，只是在男孩疯狂找鹰的时候鼻酸了几秒，也没带出眼泪。但这不代表我无感。

我不同意卫西谛说的：男孩埋藏了鹰，也一并埋藏了希望（大意）。

恰恰相反，男孩会永远记得这只鹰，并且还会继续拥有另一只“鹰”。他身体单薄，内心却坚韧。他有很强的自娱和自我修复的能力。

所以，在被侮辱和被损害的环境里，男孩阴郁，却仍会发光。而他的母亲，他的哥哥……却彼此伤害，损耗自己。

同样是讲孩子的成长，讲家庭环境，男孩与鹰，比“女孩与狗”（即狗十三）要高明太多。后者就像一个任性女孩的伤痕文学，局限在个体的普通得再也不能普遍的阵痛。

同样是讲社会底层人民的故事，男孩与鹰，又不知比寄生虫高出几个层级。寄生虫是小偷家族的升级版——诈骗家族，可它并没有引起我的同情。

有的苦难是出于无知，比如小偷家族，他们偷，是因为没有受到良好的教育。而即便没人教他们正道，道德律依旧在那个哥哥心里扎根发芽，他会有意地让妹妹远离偷盗。

有的苦难则是出于邪恶，比如寄生虫。他们骗，如果说起初是为了生计，往后便是贪心作祟，不惜做出恶的选择。一家子的成年人，到最后也还是对所谓的富人阶层怀恨，没有任何的反观。

“富人善良，是因为他们富有。我如果那么有钱，会比他们更善良。”不。就算他们有了钱，也会是邪恶的有钱人。

正是认为善恶与贫富可以对等，所以，才会有“我穷，就可以不善良”的潜意识。

就不另说寄生虫的情节逻辑有多么不严谨了。荒诞，和无逻辑是两回事。导演是没有其他办法，只能通过这种设计把两层的人捆在一起。

还有富人家的男孩最让人不忍。需要如此消费一个小男孩——两次毁灭性的惊吓，以求巨大的戏剧冲突么？最后的草坪大作战是最大的败笔。

小偷家族让人心疼，寄生虫让人反胃。

女孩与狗，一笑而过。男孩与鹰，人生如斯。

人生就是希望和希望破灭的交织与交替，你可以一直有希望，就看你怎么面对希望的破灭。

What gives a touch of realness to Kes (1969) is that the actors used, including the extras were all locals coming from Barnsley, a town in South Yorkshire, England. Not to mention, the film was also shot on location. Kes was actually a 1968 novel A Kestrel for a Knave, turned to a film. The author of the book is also Barnsley-born, Barry Hines. Both the film and the book captured the reality of the mining areas of Yorkshire at that time where the people in the area lived a tough life, a result of wage restraints and pit closures because of the blooming of oil and gas industry. The children, too, lived a rough childhood. Most of them were already thinking of having a job or like Billy Casper, whose already working as a paperboy, distributing newspapers from houses to houses. Kes has the elements of Italian Neorealism with that of using non-professional actors and having a sad ending. The film is about Billy Capser, finding solace with a kestrel which he named Kes, in the midst of lack of hope. In this analysis, the mise-en-scène, cinematography, and sound will be discussed.

Despite the film used non-professional actors, the acting came out naturally and effortlessly. This natural acting may come from the fact that the actors were the locals themselves and were conversing in Yorkshire accent which would be the most they were comfortable with. The overall colour tone of this film is rather cold and the lighting is of hard light. This sets off the right mood for the film since it portrays the tough life of the Barnsley locals where the people were always mad, harsh, lacking of love and hope. Billy Casper had a broken family with him constantly fighting with his older half-brother, Jud, having no father figure, and his mother who just didn’t expect much from her children and spoke of them in a regretful manner to her friends. The teachers at school never cared about the students and neither had hope in them. The students were always deemed as worthless and rubbish especially by the headmaster.

This kind of toxic environment is hostile to children because they would grow up believing they are rubbish and in the end, they become one. But to spark hope amidst the darkness, Billy’s English teacher did show a sign of change and for the betterment of Barnsley’s children. Billy was never the kind to show interest in class and always gets himself into trouble but since he took a kestrel from a nest on a farm, ever since then he for once, love what he’s doing. One day, Billy did an impromptu talk about his kestrel and received positive feedback from the class and for the first time in the film, Billy felt appreciated. All of this thanks to his English teacher who encouraged and supported him to talk about the kestrel. The English teacher believed in Billy and didn’t just perceived him as a delinquent and thus, resulting in Billy having confidence in himself; what can be taken as a lesson.

The cinematography in this film consists of wide shots of Barnsley town with the starting scene of Billy running down the town establishing the condition of the town as dirty and worn-out. Chris Menges managed to beautifully portray the essence of Yorkshire by giving a perfect balance by showing wide shots of the sombre look of the mining industry and also the greener part of Yorkshire where Billy trained Kes. Other than that, The emotions of the actors were successfully delivered with medium close ups and shallow depth of field. This kind of shots are excellent to create an intimate moment with the characters as we delve deep down in their emotions. Plus, the harsh shadows surrounding the faces of the characters and also the surroundings further accentuate the whole essence of the film. Despite of Kes being a sad movie, the film still has the beauty of its own with the aesthetic value of the colour tone and also the camera work, which just adds a beautiful melancholic and nostalgic feeling and it will stay with you for as long as it will.

The film is shot in Barnsley and contains broad local dialects and even the actors themselves conversing in thick Yorkshire accent. There are some scenes in the DVD version that were dubbed with fewer dialect. In a 2013 interview, Ken Loach, the director of this film, said that during a screening by United Artists, the American executives that were watching it said that they could understand Hungarian better than the dialect in the film. This shows that Americans and the English people are not the same though they speak in English but because of the dialects. Kes’ audio compared to nowadays movie is that the audio feels distant from the characters as it’s not attached but that could be explained by the dubbing or it could just be the differences in audio recording technology.

Kes is a film that beautifully encapsulates melancholy with ending scene that shows Kes the kestrel died in the hands of revenge of Billy’s step brother, Jud. The death of Kes is felt dearly because Billy was at his happiest and most liberated that he would ever feel when he trained Kes and let him flew across the vast green field. When Kes died, it somehow showed that Billy would have to return back to the depressing reality of the abusive world. Though the sound is not as grand as today’s film, it didn’t budge the fact that Kes is indeed a work of art and is beautiful in its own way supported by the smooth narrative and stunning cinematography that enhances the whole mood of the film.

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For me Ken Loach's "Kes" bookended the decade of British "kitchen-sink" social-realism dramas starting with "Saturday Night And Sunday Morning" in 1960, although two more different films you probably couldn't find.

We see the whole film from the perspective of the young Yorkshire school boy Billy, played by the waif-like David Bradley, who, although in the film he's meant to be fifteen or sixteen looks more like eleven or twelve. Bullied at school for having a single parent, his mum, a much older, overbearing, miner half-brother and probably just being so small and quiet, his outlook on life changes when he happens upon a kestrels' nest in an old building nearby.

He then takes one of the birds from the nest, steals a book on falconry from a second-hand bookstore and sets to building a relationship with the bird while training it. It's clear that the lad has no other meaningful relationship in his life, certainly not with his mum or his loutish brother and no close school friends either. At one point he tells an interested school-friend that the bird can never be tamed and it's clear that we are meant to relate his own individuality to that of the bird.

So, he finds consolation with the kestrel, but when he effectively gambles on his brother's gambling habit, the sibling wreaks a terrible revenge which makes for a suitably downbeat finish.

Loach literally drops the viewer in and out of these episodes in Billy's life as scenes seem to end if not abruptly, certainly sometimes scruffily, adding to the natural realism for which he's obviously striving. That said, a few of the scenes such as the super-competitive exercise master's football-match, seem somewhat contrived and the dialogue is sometimes unnatural, although I must admit I had no problem at all picking up the strong local dialect used throughout, but then again I am Scottish and we know a thing or two about heavy accents.

Young Bradley is remarkable throughout, unlike so many other child actors he's just completely natural, unlike a few of his classmates it has to be said. The school teachers are a bit of a motley bunch, but weren't they always I guess, some of them never happier it seems than when dishing out corporal punishment, others, like the Colin Welland example here, genuinely sympathetic, fair-minded and interested in their pupils' educational and emotional welfare.

I'm roughly of the generation depicted here and so could relate to much of the content, even if some of the characters seem exaggerated and the closest I ever came to bringing up a kestrel was probably fending off a stray seagull or two but even in making this the point of difference for the film, Loach still convinces the viewer that this series of minor episodes in a young lad's life really could have happened.

Nostalgic but unsentimental, the dirty streets and industrial landscapes beautifully shot as if it was a Hovis advert, Loach here reminds us to sometimes remove our rose-tinted glasses when recalling our cherished childhoods.

by Lejink

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Saturday Night Sunday Morning with small raptors? Because the main character's older brother Jud (Fletcher) is Arthur Seaton in a picture nine years later. Unlike Reisz's 1960 kitchen sink realism, Loach's focuses on the younger brother of the estate's cock of the walk, Casper (Bradley). He's a diffident and odd and self-reliant tween loner who muddles through with a paper job while enduring the manifold indignities of school. Petty theft and hustle occupy his narrowing horizons. And then life takes a turn for the interesting when he spies some kestrels in a field. He steals a book on falconry when he can't get a library card quick enough, and teaches himself how to keep a falcon whom he names Kes. This labor of love gives Casper a dreamy sense of dignity and worth that helps propel him through the casual sadism of school mates and masters alike. There is one sympathetic teacher who by chance draws Casper out one day in class about Kes, and a vista of understanding glimmers for a time. The teacher visits Casper and his bird and sees the boy fully, as no one else has done, for the first time. Naturally things can't go especially well thereafter because, well, this is kitchen sink realism and its the north and nowt ever goes well. Loach implies without insisting too much on the connections between Kes and Casper, two wild things that with nurture can be trained but probably not finally tamed. The metaphor doesn't work fully, but we are probably not too far off in seeing Casper's future as little less grim than that of poor Kes in the end. David Bradley in the lead role is all kinds of wonderful. That performance helps carry the freight of Loach's seething indictment of English education—had that performance been less nuanced or robust, the film could easily have been crushed by the weight of Loach's anger at the outrages of the 11-plus.

by ocontrarian

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A beautiful film with a brilliant central performance, stunning photography, poignant themes of freedom and flight, ambition, and the shattering of dreams. It paints a revealing picture of contemporary working-class living in the North of England and tells a story that is both sobering and magical. Kes is surely one of the most influential British films of all time.

by Uberunit

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laceratingly true, beautiful

Easily can relate to this kind of bullying environment. I am one of the Keses of this sad, genocidal world...Still traumatized decades later and only now coming to understand it somehow. Nick Cave’s song sez it best— People just ain’t no good. Trust no one but yourself... hard to grasp for us, much abused empaths, but trye.

by giuseppe2

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One of those understated films involving a troubled child who bonds with an animal (in this case, a kestrel). Meditative and touching but also very slow so make sure you're in the mood before diving in.

by hellaguru

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Ken Loach's enduring coming-of-age film Kes follows a fifteen year old boy living in Northern England who struggles to find his place in the world. At home, Billy Casper is treated abusively by his ruthless older brother Jud, and with indifference by his mostly absent mother. At school, he is tormented by stern instructors and a gym teacher who gets on him for his lack of athletic ability. Billy finds that little in the way of school or work are capable of holding his attention, and his sole interest comes in training a kestrel which he discovers one day while wandering on a farm. Although he rejects referring to the bird as his pet, Billy develops a strong bond with it and nicknames her "Kes." He uses instructions from a book on falconry (which he takes from a book store because his mother is not available to authorize a library card) and in learning to train Kes, he discovers a sense of passion, duty, and responsibility that all the adults in his life fail to instill. At the heart of Kes is the central performance by David Bradley, which is surely one of the most convincing and impressive performances by a child actor set to film. The movie itself succeeds in the rare task of being emotionally moving without relying much on sentimentality. Kes is often a brutal film to witness, particularly the sequence in which Billy and three of his classmates are subjected to corporal punishment in their principal's office after he suspects them of smoking. He then takes the opportunity to rail against the entirety of the younger generation, and his speech displays one of the film's primary themes: that at the root of limited social, economic, and educational opportunities for young people is the failure of their role models to effectively nourish them. Harshness, in the world of Kes is commonplace, but it results in the lack of ambition for children who are then pushed into miserable mining jobs en masse as a result. With the subject matter it works with, it easily could have been either too brutal or too sentimental to be effective, but the precise and realistic direction of Ken Loach, along with a charming score by John Cameron, make Kes a unique and memorable film experience.

by adressbook

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My first Loach film is his hallmark - it's more of a slice of time than a coherent narrative though. The gritty textures of late sixties Barnsley, the greasy quiffs and chips. The fuckin' Dandy. The smoky factoryscapes and grubby green fields. The stuttering stumbling incoherent locals and the lurchingly uneven tone of it all is massively charming. It is reality awkwardly stuffed into a film and all messily busting out at the edges. Like - why was there a running score on the screen for the football game?! Why did it end so suddenly?! I genuinely can't wait to watch it again. My Loachquest begins here.

by CrazyFoxMachine

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More of a movie about a boy bonding with a bird he randomly finds while dealing with bullies at school. Everyone's accents are very heavy and can be tough to understand, but the movie is sort of minimalistic. To be honest, I saw the point the movie was trying to make, but it just felt a bit too vague and it focuses way too much on certain things while not focusing enough on others. Some characters barely get any screen time and there really isn't much plot. I've just seen many better movies with a similar idea to this done better.

by jweber14

从电影以一个清晨时刻一对兄弟的赖床开始，到最后无言的结束，难以想象每一分钟都是如此直指人心，忠于生活。电影中主角的故事非常简单，面临的困境也早早呈现清楚，但其中强烈的现实感却可谓恐怖，因为我几乎能感到导演也窥看了我的童年往事。

通常以纪实的手法描绘现实题材，题材本身的价值已足够有力，无须画蛇添足，但从另一方面来看，却往往显得严肃甚至干燥。而在Kes中最大的惊喜是我觉得它简直妙趣横生，但同时却又能令人像呵护瓷器般提心吊胆，多么奇怪！上一部能令我如此着迷的电影还是《美国往事》，我认为这种魔力来源于导演对于现实世界无比透彻的挖掘和童年经历的精准回忆。我并不了解60年代的英国社会，但对于主角Casper的遭遇却感同身受。无论是来自亲人的冷暴力，还是在学校内的钳制，Casper早已习惯、漠视，不管不顾。从他的话语中可以感受到成年人般的坚毅，感受到童真的单纯，却听不到他内心的痛苦（除了结尾），因为他也早已习惯，照单全收。所幸在一个粗暴、冷漠的环境下，他还有一片角落能找到唯一“在乎”的Kes。

Casper与Kes的关系基本上就是主角与所处环境关系的巧妙对照。最有灵性的时刻无疑是对一人一鹰于户外的跟拍，本应归属野外的生物被主角所驯服，而本应有正常生活的主角却失去应得的爱。肯·洛奇将这种苦涩以舒缓得当的步调展开，无意之间就连最细微的表情变化都能深深刺痛观众。虽然中文译名是《小孩与鹰》，但实际上只有小孩才是唯一主角。

电影的结尾无疑冷静克制而悲痛至极，Kes被残忍扼杀在哥哥的手中，Casper找到尸体后埋葬于泥土之中，电影就此结束，仿佛发生的一切都微不足道。让现实归于平常，但所有痛惜、哀伤、空虚的情绪都已经永久被记录下来，回味之下这部五十年前的电影——肯·洛奇的第二部长片作品，是如此朴实无华，静水流深。